Allelic Loss Of 1Q32.1 The Kiss-1 Metastasis Suppressor Gene Locus in Iraqi Patients with Breast Cancer

Abstract

Experimental cell lines provide evidence on Kiss-1 gene as a regulator of metastasis in many kinds of cancers, including breast cancer. However, there is scarcity in data for kiss1 gene expression profile in many malignancies, and to date, no effort has been made to explore kiss-1 gene-associated microsatellite markers in many types of tumors, including breast cancer. The present study aims to investigate the microsatellite markers associated with Kiss-1 gene and the current loss of Heterozygosity LOH in Iraqi patients with breast cancer; this was further correlated with immunohistochemical Kiss-1 gene expression. One hundred and three breast carcinoma samples were collected after mastectomy. Kiss-1 gene expression was analyzed using immunostaining. Three microsatellite marker sites: SHGC-76112, SHGC-76186 intragenic, and SHGC-33412 in chromosome 1q32.1 were selected to define allelotyping of kiss-1 gene in paired DNA samples `from tumor cells and control blood cells of each patient. The loss of Kiss-1 gene expression was significantly correlated with the clinical tumor stage (p-value andGLT; 0.01). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) occurs in 60 (60%) samples. Seven of the examined samples show LOH in two markers; none of the samples show LOH in the three markers. Seven samples show LOH for both intragenic markers (SHGC-76112 and SHGC-76186). The highest LOH percentage was 28%, which occurred within the intragenic microsatellite marker (SHGC-76186), and the lowest was 14% within the flanking region microsatellite marker (SHGC-33412). Interestingly, a statistically significant relationship was found between the LOH and Loss of Kiss-1 gene expression (p-value = 0.0005). This study convinced us to consider the vital role of this gene in the progression of the carcinoma in Iraqi patients with breast cancer.