Allelic Diversity of Polymorphic AMA-1 (Apical Membrane Antigen 1) Vaccine Candidate Antigen of Plasmodium falciparum in Two Population of Imported and Indigenous Cases in South-East of Iran using Nested-PCR and RFLP

Abstract

The Plasmodium falciparum Apical Membrane Antigen 1 (AMA1) is a leading Malaria Vaccine Candidate Antigen. Antigenic variation is one of the main obstacles in the development of a universal effective malaria vaccine. Antibodies against AMA1 have been shown to block parasite invasion of human erythrocytes. Therefore, detailed studies on the molecular polymorphism PFAMA1 a Geographic area before each experiment or design the vaccine is administered. This study was designed to determine the distribution of AMA1 allele class of Plasmodium falciparum in two population of imported cases and indigenous cases in South-East of Iran .We used the Nested PCR and RFLPs methods with specific primers and restriction enzymes, which improves the three AMA1 allele class(K1-3D7-HB3).Overall the 94 confirmed P. falciparum samples obtained from four different districts, in two population of imported cases(46) and indigenous cases(48) in the south East of Iran. There are three classes of allelic AMA1 were compared in two populations of Indigenous and Imported, 3D7 in Indigenous Population was the higher prevalence than Imported Population. Considering on these results, 3D7 alleles suitable candidates for malaria vaccine design can be. The data reported here will be valuable for the development of AMA1 based malaria vaccine.