Abstract
Alleles of alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism genes modulate susceptibility to oesophageal cancer from alcohol consumption
Highlights
Alleles of alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism genes modulate susceptibility to oesophageal cancer from alcohol consumption
A 2006 study[4] provided evidence that in these populations, which do not carry the inactive ALDH2 allele common in Asians, other polymorphisms in the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genes are associated with upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers, and these interact substantially with alcohol consumption to elevate cancer risk
The high-activity ADH1B R48H allele was protective against UADT cancer, whereas three ALDH2 variants were associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related UADT cancers
Summary
Alleles of alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism genes modulate susceptibility to oesophageal cancer from alcohol consumption The group concluded that there is substantial evidence to indicate a role for acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, in the pathogenesis of oesophageal cancer resulting from alcohol consumption. This last conclusion was based largely on studies by Yokoyama and colleagues of oesophageal cancer risk in Asian individuals, who are ALDH2 deficient owing to the ALDH2 G487K allele.[2] A summary of the 2007 IARC working group conclusions has been published.[3]
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