Abstract
The existing energy management strategies for four-wheel-drive electric vehicles only take into account the vehicle energy consumption under static adhesion constraints. However, the front and rear axle loads transfer under dynamic conditions lead to the variations of vehicle adhesion characteristics, which results in the changes of vehicle energy consumptions. In this paper, a multi-objective optimal torque distribution strategy is proposed, taking into account the front and rear axle load transfer and the variations of adhesion characteristics. The advantages of the proposed strategy are verified through simulation studies in terms of vehicle energy consumption and wheel slip ratio, in comparison with the average torque distribution strategy and the optimal torque distribution strategy based on Sequential Quadratic Programming Algorithm. The simulation results show that the economy performance of the proposed strategy is superior to those of the competing methods. Furthermore, the proposed strategy provides good power performance and eliminates excessive wheel slip, which in turn ensures vehicle longitudinal stability and avoids energy loss resulting from frequent ASR interventions.
Highlights
In recent years, in order to alleviate energy shortage and environmental pollution, higher requirements have been put forward for electric vehicles from the perspective of energy saving, security and stability [1], [2]
TORQUE DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY The core of this paper is to propose an optimal torque distribution strategy for enhancing efficiency, considering the front and rear axle load transfer as well as the variations of vehicle dynamic constraints
The existing economic control strategies for four-wheel drive electric vehicles only consider the vehicle energy consumption under static adhesion constraints, and have not taken into account the variations of vehicle adhesion characteristics caused by the change of front and rear axle load under dynamic conditions, which results in the changes of vehicle energy consumptions
Summary
In order to alleviate energy shortage and environmental pollution, higher requirements have been put forward for electric vehicles from the perspective of energy saving, security and stability [1], [2]. K. Cao et al.: All-Wheel-Drive Torque Distribution Strategy for Electric Vehicle Optimal Efficiency Considering Tire Slip of different running conditions, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency. Yuan and Wang [13] analyzed high energy consumption phenomenon for high-speed and low-torque conditions under the new European driving cycle (NEDC), and an optimized torque distribution strategy for front-rear independent motor electric vehicles is proposed to improve the efficiency in a larger range of torque and speed. To tackle the above problems, this study takes into account the adhesion conditions of the vehicle and the dynamic constraint change of front and rear shaft load transfer, and proposes a multi-objective optimal torque distribution strategy for economy enhancement. B7Fz b8 where s is the longitudinal slip ratio, B is the stiffness factor, and C is the shape factor, D is the peak factor, and E is the curvature factor. b0-b8 are the main parameter coefficient of the MF
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