Abstract
Imaging through thick highly scattering media (sample thickness ≫ mean free path) can realize broad applications in biomedical and industrial imaging as well as remote sensing. Here we propose a computational “All Photons Imaging” (API) framework that utilizes time-resolved measurement for imaging through thick volumetric scattering by using both early arrived (non-scattered) and diffused photons. As opposed to other methods which aim to lock on specific photons (coherent, ballistic, acoustically modulated, etc.), this framework aims to use all of the optical signal. Compared to conventional early photon measurements for imaging through a 15 mm tissue phantom, our method shows a two fold improvement in spatial resolution (4db increase in Peak SNR). This all optical, calibration-free framework enables widefield imaging through thick turbid media, and opens new avenues in non-invasive testing, analysis, and diagnosis.
Highlights
Imaging through thick highly scattering media can realize broad applications in biomedical and industrial imaging as well as remote sensing
Overcoming this in LIDAR is known as Laser Imaging Through Obscurants (LITO)[31], where the primary solution to overcome scattering is time gating[32,33,34] which is equivalent to measurement of ballistic photons, and so it discards the majority of the incoming signal
In order to analyze the correlation between the sensor time resolution and the diffuser parameters, we perform Monte Carlo simulations to simulate various diffuser thicknesses
Summary
Imaging through thick highly scattering media (sample thickness ≫ mean free path) can realize broad applications in biomedical and industrial imaging as well as remote sensing. The recent rise of computational imaging techniques and its alliance with ultrafast imaging[21,22] have shown notable promise for extracting information[23] from the wasted or ambiguous portion of the signal[24] They have not been demonstrated in remote sensing through volumetric thick scattering. Unlike RADAR, which operates in longer wavelengths, LIDAR operates in the visible and near infrared spectrum and can suffer from diffusion and scattering Overcoming this in LIDAR is known as Laser Imaging Through Obscurants (LITO)[31], where the primary solution to overcome scattering is time gating[32,33,34] which is equivalent to measurement of ballistic (unscattered) photons, and so it discards the majority of the incoming signal (diffused photons)
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