Abstract
The combination of the integrated waveguide and phase-change materials (PCMs) provides a promising platform for reconfigurable and multifunctional photoelectric devices. Through plasmonic enhancement and the low loss propagation of the waveguide, the footprint and power consumption of the photoelectric device can be effectively improved. In this work, a metal double-ring structure embedded with phase change materials was proposed to utilize the plasmonic effect for enhancement of the light-matter interaction. In particular, the overall temperature difference in the PCM cell can be confined within 2 °C during the crystallization process, thus avoiding the interior heterogeneous crystallization. The insertion loss of the cell in amorphous and crystalline states at a wavelength of 1550 nm are 2.3 dB and 1.0 dB, respectively. A signal contrast ratio of 15.8% is achieved under the ultra-small footprint (50 × 90 nm2) at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
Highlights
Photonic integrated circuits have become more and more attractive because they increase information transmission rates and bandwidth, and overcome the shortcomings of traditional electronic integrated circuits that are time-consuming and energy-inefficient [1,2]
The photonic integrated platform based on phase-change materials (PCMs) has been proposed for reconfigurable and non-volatile devices due to the huge optical contrast between the amorphous and crystalline states of the PCMs [3]
The overall temperature difference of the GST is well confined to a small value
Summary
Photonic integrated circuits have become more and more attractive because they increase information transmission rates and bandwidth, and overcome the shortcomings of traditional electronic integrated circuits that are time-consuming and energy-inefficient [1,2]. The photonic integrated platform based on phase-change materials (PCMs) has been proposed for reconfigurable and non-volatile devices due to the huge optical contrast between the amorphous and crystalline states of the PCMs [3]. Combining plasmons with PCM can reduce the size of the device to tens of nanometers or even less—significantly below the diffraction limit of conventional optical devices, useful optical contrast and low IL silicon photonic waveguide devices can be obtained [11,18]. In such optical memory cells using integrated phase-change photonic devices, switching is the basic operation of a storage device [13].
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