Abstract
Photons occupying multiple spatial modes hold a great promise for implementing high-dimensional quantum communication. We use spontaneous four-wave mixing to generate multimode photon pairs in a few-mode fiber. We show the photons are correlated in the fiber mode basis using an all-fiber mode sorter. Our demonstration offers an essential building block for realizing high-dimensional quantum protocols based on standard, commercially available fibers, in an all-fiber configuration.
Highlights
High-dimensional quantum bits hold great potential for quantum communication owing to their robustness to a realistic noisy environment[1,2,3]
In spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM), two pump photons are spontaneously annihilated, and two photons called signal and idler are generated in two spectral channels
Each spectral channel is composed of many different spatial modes
Summary
High-dimensional quantum bits hold great potential for quantum communication owing to their robustness to a realistic noisy environment[1,2,3]. Implementations based on encoding information in the transverse spatial modes of photons are especially promising due to the large Hilbert space they span[4,5]. In recent years, such implementations were successfully demonstrated in free-space[6,7]. The distribution of a photon which is entangled in six spatial modes over a 2 meter-long fiber[12], and in three spatial modes over a 1-km-long fiber were demonstrated[13] These methods require accurate calibrations, limiting implementations in real-life scenarios
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