Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a Regular Tetrahedral Array (RTA) to cope with various types of sensors expected in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) localization requiring all-directional detection capability and high accuracy, such as indoor Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices at diverse locations, UAVs performing aerial navigation, collision avoidance and takeoff/landing guidance. The RTA is deployed with four synchronized Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transceivers on its vertexes and configured with arbitrary aperture. An all-directional DOA estimation algorithm using combined TDoA and wrapped PDoA was conducted. The 3D array RTA was decomposed into four planar subarrays solved as phased Uniform Circular Array (UCA) respectively. A new cost function based on geometric identical and variable neighborhood search strategy using TDoA information was proposed for ambiguity resolution. The results of simulation and numerical experiments demonstrated excellent performance of the proposed RTA and corresponding algorithm.
Highlights
All-directional detection for a single Ultra-wideband (UWB) source in an isotropic way become increasingly important
We proposed a regular tetrahedral array (RTA), which deployed four synchronized Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transceivers on its vertexes and configured aperture larger than half-wavelength
To cope with wrapped PDoA caused by larger antenna spacing, we proposed an ambiguity resolution algorithm based on geometric identical, which consists of two parts: one is a new cost function based on identical source direction vectors (SDV) that estimated by four subarrays and another is ambiguity integer search strategy
Summary
All-directional detection for a single Ultra-wideband (UWB) source in an isotropic way become increasingly important. Xin et al [18] reported an ambiguity resolution algorithm for passive 2-D source localization with a UCA Their unwrapping PDoA is based on the estimation of the detected curve parameters using randomized Hough transform. To cope with wrapped PDoA caused by larger antenna spacing, we proposed an ambiguity resolution algorithm based on geometric identical, which consists of two parts: one is a new cost function based on identical source direction vectors (SDV) that estimated by four subarrays and another is ambiguity integer search strategy. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 is a coarse SDV estimation only using TDoA information This coarse estimate is utilized to solve the sign ambiguity of elevation when using phased UCA. These four subarrays share the same PDoA measurements and TDoA measurements, which give us a chance to unwrap PDoA ambiguity numerically
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