Abstract
Siloxane-based materials have a wide range of applications. Cage-type oligosiloxanes have attracted significant attention as molecular building blocks to construct novel siloxane-based nanoporous materials with promising applications such as in catalysis and adsorption. This paper reviews recent progress in the preparation of siloxane-based nanoporous materials using alkoxy- and silanol-functionalized cage siloxanes. The arrangement of cage siloxanes units is controlled by various methods, including amphiphilic self-assembly, hydrogen bonding of silanol groups, and regioselective functionalization, toward the preparation of ordered nanoporous siloxane-based materials.
Highlights
Ordered nanoporous materials have applications in various fields such as catalysis, adsorption, optics, electronics, and medicine [1,2,3]
The rational design of the zeolite frameworks is difficult, mainly due to the harsh hydrothermal conditions required for their crystallization. Mesoporous silica is another type of ordered siloxane-based nanoporous materials that is formed by self-assembly processes using surfactants and silicate species under relatively mild conditions [2,5]
The cage siloxanes with alkoxysilyl groups can be used as building blocks to produce ordered formation of a microporous xerogel by hydrolysis and polycondensation of cage siloxanes having mesoporous materials by surfactant-directed self-assembly processes (Figure 3b) [25,36]
Summary
Ordered nanoporous materials have applications in various fields such as catalysis, adsorption, optics, electronics, and medicine [1,2,3]. The rational design of the zeolite frameworks is difficult, mainly due to the harsh hydrothermal conditions required for their crystallization Mesoporous silica is another type of ordered siloxane-based nanoporous materials that is formed by self-assembly processes using surfactants and silicate species under relatively mild conditions [2,5]. The controlled connection of oligosiloxanes by the soft-chemical approach enables us to construct a variety of silica frameworks depending on the molecular structure and arrangement of the building blocks. The rigid structures with multiple functional groups directing outward from the cage are quite useful for constructing three-dimensional (3D) porous frameworks. For connection of cage siloxanes, various functional groups. Cage-type organosiloxane oligomers containing organic groups in the frameworks are available as building blocks [19]. Control of theControl arrangement arrangement andofconnection of silanol-modified cage is the crucial for the production porous and connection silanol-modified cage siloxanes is siloxanes crucial for production of porous of materials materials with well-defined with well-defined structures.structures
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