Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of the structure and reactivity of alkenes and alkynes and highlights the most important methods of preparing these compounds. Alkenes are an important class of organic compounds that contain a C=C bond, while the C≡C bond in alkynes reacts with electrophiles in electrophilic addition reactions. The chapter describes how alkenes are prepared from halogenoalkanes, alcohols, alkynes, and aldehydes/ketones and how C=C and C≡C bonds react in electrophilic addition reactions. It shows how alkynes are prepared from 1,2-dibromoalkanes and how substituted alkynes are prepared by alkylation of alkynyl anions with halogenoalkanes. It also outlines reaction mechanisms in order to explain how C=C bonds undergo the addition reactions.
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