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Abstract
The alkaloids content, cytotoxicity activity and anti-parasitic activity of Tinospora crispa Miers and Psidium guajava L. against parasite Toxoplasma gondii were investigated. Both of the crude plant extracts contained high amount of crude alkaloids and were not toxic to Vero cells (EC 50 >100 µg/mL). Following non-toxicity finding of the extracts, the in vitro anti-parasitic assay was carried out with clindamycin served as the positive control. T. crispa stem crude extract with EC 50 value of 7.71 ± 1.56 µg/mL, showed potential anti- T. gondii activity as the results were comparable to clindamycin (EC 50 = 6.24 ± 0.53 µg/mL). These findings suggest that stem extract of T. crispa Miers contained some potential active compounds against Toxoplasma gondii . Selective important alkaloids in the T. crispa stem fractions may be the key factor for their anti-parasitic activity. Further study is being carried out to investigate for potential bioactives present in the T. crispa extract through bioactivity guided fractionation.
Highlights
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that has the ability to infect and propagate in virtually all nucleated host cells (Werk, 1985; Derouich-Guergour et al, 2002)
Crude methanolic extract from T. crispa stem and crude aqueous extract from P. guajava leaves were investigated in their respective crude alkaloids content, potential cytotoxicity activity and antiToxoplasma gondii effect in vitro
P. guajava leaves contained higher alkaloids content (7.5 ± 0.2%) compared to T. crispa stem (5.2 ± 0.2%). Both T. crispa and P. guajava crude extracts, 8 fractions from T. crispa crude extract and clindamycin were tested for the potential cytotoxic activity in vitro using Vero cells
Summary
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that has the ability to infect and propagate in virtually all nucleated host cells (Werk, 1985; Derouich-Guergour et al, 2002). Crude methanolic extract from T. crispa stem and crude aqueous extract from P. guajava leaves were investigated in their respective crude alkaloids content, potential cytotoxicity activity and antiToxoplasma gondii effect in vitro. After 18 hours incubation, 100 μL of DMEM-PS medium with 2% FBS was added per well along with different concentrations of the plant extracts.
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