Abstract
Mango wilt, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, is one of the most important diseases affecting mango yields in Brazil. Information regarding the biochemical mechanisms involved in mango resistance against C. fimbriata is absent in the literature. Thus, the present study determined and quantified alkaloids and phenolics in the stem tissue of mango plants from Palmer (susceptible) and Ubá (resistant) cultivars. Furthermore, it was examined the effect of these secondary metabolites against C. fimbriata growth in vitro. The high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that the concentration of two alkaloids (theobromine and 7-methylxanthine) and six phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin and epicatechin) in the inoculated plants from cv. Ubá was higher in comparison with inoculated plants from cv. Palmer. The concentration of the secondary metabolites was higher in the non-inoculated plants from cv. Palmer than in the inoculated ones, while the opposite was observed for plants of cv. Ubá. Peaks in the concentrations of secondary metabolites in the inoculated plants from both cultivars occurred at 7 and 14 days after inoculation. The different concentrations (10 to 30 mg∙mL−1) of secondary metabolites added to the Petri dishes greatly inhibited C. fimbriata growth over time. These results suggest that secondary metabolites played an important role in the resistance of mango plants against C. fimbriata infection.
Highlights
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important tropical fruit crops cultivated worldwide (FAO 2014)
The highperformance liquid chromatography revealed that the concentration of two alkaloids and six phenolic compounds in the inoculated plants from cv
The different concentrations (10 to 30 mg∙mL−1) of secondary metabolites added to the Petri dishes greatly inhibited C. fimbriata growth over time. These results suggest that secondary metabolites played an important role in the resistance of mango plants against C. fimbriata infection
Summary
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important tropical fruit crops cultivated worldwide (FAO 2014). The acquisition of certified samplings free of C. fimbriata from suitable nursery and the eradication of mango trees with disease symptoms are some of the strategies employed by growers to reduce the yield losses caused by mango wilt (Ribeiro 2005; Van Wyk et al 2007). In Brazil, the use of mango cultivars showing non-race specific resistance to C. fimbriata infection is the most effective strategy adopted by growers to control mango wilt, mainly because chemical control is not efficient (Carvalho et al 2004; Ribeiro 2005; Rossetto et al 1996).
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