Abstract

Alkaline phosphatase conductometric biosensors consisting of interdigitated gold electrodes and enzyme membranes have been used for assessment of heavy-metal ions in water. These analytes act as enzyme inhibitors. Enzyme residual activity has been measured in Tris-nitrate buffer without metal preincubation in the presence of Mg 2+ ions as activator. The results indicate that the toxicity of the various metals tested toward immobilized phosphatase is ranged as follows: Cd 2+ > Co 2+ > Zn 2+ > Ni 2+ > Pb 2+. Detection limits were about 0.5 ppm for Cd 2+, 2 ppm for both Zn 2+ and Co 2+, 5 ppm for Ni 2+ and 40 ppm for lead ions. In addition, the responses during 10 h were stable (RSD 4%) and a drift of about 7% per day was observed. The storage stability in buffer solution at 4 °C remained stable for more than one month.

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