Abstract
Extreme climate change due to heat-trapping gases, especially carbon dioxide, necessitates its mitigation. In this context, the carbon dioxide sequestration technology of enhanced weathering has for years been investigated, with a possible implementation strategy via alkaline mineral soil amendment being more recently proposed. Candidate materials for enhanced weathering include calcium and magnesium silicates, most notably those belonging to the olivine, pyroxene and serpentine groups of minerals, given their reactivity with CO2 and global availability. When these finely crushed silicate rocks are applied to the soil, the alkaline earth metal cations released during mineral weathering gradually react with carbonate anions and results in the formation of pedogenic carbonates, which, over time, and under the right conditions, can accumulate in the soil. This review paper critically reviews the available literature on alkaline mineral soil amendments and its potential to sequester enough CO2 to be considered a climate change ‘stabilization wedge’. Firstly, evidence of how agricultural soil can serve as a carbon sink in discussed, based on the observed accumulation of inorganic carbon in alkaline mineral-amended soils. Secondly, the impact of alkaline minerals on agricultural soil and crops, and the factors determining the rate of the weathering process are assessed. Lastly, the CO2 sequestration potential via alkaline mineral soil amendment is quantified according to an idealized shrinking core model, which shows that it has the potential to serve as a climate change stabilization wedge.
Highlights
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentration, and that of other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has increased over more than a century as a consequence of anthropogenic activities
When finelydissolved crushed/milled or magnesium-rich silicate rock from gradually react with carbonate anions in soilcalciumpore water, which in turn originate powder is applied to the soil, the alkaline earth metal cations released during the mineral weathering the atmosphere or from soil microbial processes [15]
Calcitic pedogenic carbonates are derived from pre-existing carbonates; it does not result in net carbon sequestration
Summary
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentration, and that of other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has increased over more than a century as a consequence of anthropogenic activities. 2 sequestration there have been numerous studies on increasing the capacity of the SOC pool [8,9], attention has surpasses the amount of carbon contained in fossil fuel reserves [10], the application of some been given to the SIC pool, in particular to methods capable of building up the SIC pool by the of these minerals to soils could become an important climate stabilization wedge. When finelydissolved crushed/milled or magnesium-rich silicate rock from gradually react with carbonate anions in soilcalciumpore water, which in turn originate powder is applied to the soil, the alkaline earth metal cations released during the mineral weathering the atmosphere or from soil microbial processes [15]. The CO2 sequestration potential via mineral soil amendment is quantified according to an idealized shrinking core model
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