Abstract
Herein we present a green and facile approach to the successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) materials using molten halide flux at 370 °C. GO materials have been synthesized using a modified Hummers method and subsequently reduced for periods of up to 8 h. Reduced GO (rGO) flakes have been characterized using X-ray-diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), all indicating a significantly reduced amount of oxygen-containing functionalities on the rGO materials. Furthermore, impressive electrical conductivities and electrochemical capacitances have been measured for the rGO flakes, which, along with the morphology determined from scanning electron microscopy, highlight the role of surface corrugation in these rGO materials.
Highlights
We present a green and facile approach to the successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) materials using molten halide flux at 370 °C
Because of the presence of hydroxyl, epoxy and carboxyl groups bound to the graphene sheets, the interplanar spacing of GO, calculated from the observed position of the (002) peak (2θ = 10.3°), corresponds to a d-spacing of ca. 0.8 nm
We present a method for the successful reduction of GO materials using alkali metal in molten halide, employing the use of several characterization tools to probe the degree of functionality of the resulting materials
Summary
We present a green and facile approach to the successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) materials using molten halide flux at 370 °C. Through removal of these oxygen-containing functional groups by chemical reduction, a conductive sheet of graphene is obtained.
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