Abstract
Hunting for natural compounds that can modulate the structure of the intestinal flora is a new hotspot for colitis‐associated cancer (CAC) prevention or treatment. Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) is a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid found in Alismatis rhizoma which is well known for dietary herb. Alismatis rhizoma is often used clinically to treat gastrointestinal diseases in China. In this study, we investigated the potential prevention of AB23A in male mouse models of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC. AB23A intervention alleviated the body weight loss, disease activity index, colon tumor load, tissue injury, and inflammatory cytokine changes in CAC mice. AB23A intervention leads to remarkable reductions in the activation of TLR, NF-κB and MAPK. AB23A significantly decreased the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK and up-regulated mucin-2 and the expression of tight junction proteins. The gut microbiota of AB23A-interfered mice was characterized with high microbial diversity, the reduced expansion of pathogenic bacteria, such as Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Akkermansia, and the increased growth of bacteria including Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Alloprevotella. These data reveal that AB23A has the potential to be used to treat CAC in the future.
Highlights
Colitis-associated cancer (CAC), the fourth leading reason of tumor-associated death all over the world, is one of the major colorectal cancer types (CRC) (Huyghe et al, 2019)
The dysplasia rate of the Alisol B 23acetate (AB23A) intervention group was not improved compared with the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) group, the size and number of colon tumors in mice were reduced
Compared with the control group (0.00 ± 0.00), the DSS group showed a significant increase in colon tumor number (28.67 ± 4.23) whereas the AB23A group demonstrated a significant reduction in tumor number (13 ± 4.73; Figure 1G)
Summary
Colitis-associated cancer (CAC), the fourth leading reason of tumor-associated death all over the world, is one of the major colorectal cancer types (CRC) (Huyghe et al, 2019). Inflammation is a known risk factor for the development of CAC (Grivennikov, 2013; Zhu et al, 2019). The most popular treatments for CAC are surgery and chemotherapy. Current treatment methods are effective in improving CAC and survival, side effects are still very troublesome, such as weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and the risk of infection complications caused by weakened immunity (Sanders et al, 2016; Kamarudin et al, 2019). It is essential to study effective and safe anti-CAC treatment methods. Natural compounds from Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been reported to prevent and treat CAC with few side effects (Sanders et al, 2016).finding new and effective ingredients against CAC from natural compounds is of great significance
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