Abstract
Dielectric capacitors with high energy storage density and power density are essential for the miniaturization and lightweight design of electronic devices. However, current applications are hampered by the challenge of simultaneously achieving high recoverable energy storage density and efficiency, as well as the fact that many dielectric energy storage ceramics contain lead elements. In this study, a multiple optimization strategy is proposed to significantly increase the breakdown strength while maintaining a high polarization strength by forming Bi3+-Li+ defect pairs to disrupt the paraelectric phase, and by introducing aliovalent double ions Li+ and La3+ to increase the cationic disorder. The change of domain structure and the relaxation enhancement mechanism is analyzed by dielectric properties and first-order reversal curve. Band gap, impedance and numerical simulations reveal the breakdown strength enhancement mechanism. As a result, the ceramics achieve a remarkable combination of high Wrec of 4.4 J/cm3 and high ƞ of 90 % at 420 kV/cm. Furthermore, the ceramic exhibits exceptional stability and fatigue resistance. Notably, the ceramic obtains a power density of 99.5 MW/cm3 and a rapid discharge rate of 0.22 µs. These findings demonstrate the excellent potential of Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3-based ceramics as an alternative to Pb-based ceramics, and provide an effective strategy for developing advanced energy storage materials.
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