Abstract

Chapter 6 begins a new section, one which emphasizes daw‘a rather than adab. Against the backdrop of Pakistani politics in the 1990s when Al-Huda International was founded by Farhat Hashmi and Idrees Zubair, it shows how online classes are organized and run at its North American site in Mississauga, Canada. It takes the reader into the online classroom of the Al-Huda Qur’an class in which I was a student from 2009 to 2013. What is distinctive about Al-Huda? What prompts adult women to sign up for its demanding course of study? I argue that online students’ mastery of Arabic and intensive study of Islamic history and theology simultaneously gives them voice and a sense of empowerment, thereby challenging both traditional Islamic authority structures and Western representations of Muslim women.

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