Abstract
Alginate, a natural polysaccharide obtained from seaweed, has acquired substantial attention in recent years for its exceptional characteristics in drug delivery and wound healing applications. Alginates are water-soluble, nontoxic, and nonirritating. These alginates consist of linear copolymeric blocks composed of α-(1→4)-linked l-guluronic acid (G) and β-(1→4)-linked d-mannuronic acid (M) residues. The unique physicochemical properties of alginate, involving biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ease of gelation, make it an ideal candidate for encapsulating and delivering diverse therapeutic agents. Alginate’s ability to form hydrogels under mild conditions offers a stable and controlled environment for drug release, addressing the hurdles associated with traditional drug delivery systems. In the domain of drug delivery, alginate formulations have demonstrated effectiveness in delivering an extensive range of drugs, comprising antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and growth factors. The controlled release attained by alginate matrices improves drug bioavailability, decreases side effects, and enhances patient compliance. Alginate’s wound healing potential is equally noteworthy. Its biocompatibility aligns with the body’s natural environment, fostering cellular interactions and tissue regeneration. Alginate-based dressings have displayed excellent hemostatic characteristics, moisture retention, and the ability to develop a protective barrier, facilitating an optimal environment for wound healing. In addition, alginate’s antimicrobial characteristics contribute to preventing infections, a crucial aspect of wound management.This review begins by offering insights into the extraction source and distinctive characteristics of alginates. Subsequently, this review digs into the latest progress in alginate-based formulations in drug delivery and wound healing. Lastly, the existing challenges and future prospects of alginate-based formulations have been canvased.
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