Abstract
In Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol fermentation, bacteria should tolerate high concentrations of solvent products, which inhibit bacteria growth and limit further increase of solvents to more than 20 g/L. Moreover, this limited solvent concentration significantly increases the cost of solvent separation through traditional approaches. In this study, alginate adsorbent immobilization technique was successfully developed to assist in situ extraction using octanol which is effective in extracting butanol but presents strong toxic effect to bacteria. The adsorbent improved solvent tolerance of Clostridium acetobutylicum under extreme condition of high concentration of organic solvent. Using the developed technique, more than 42% of added bacteria can be adsorbed to the adsorbent. Surface area of the adsorbent was more than 10 times greater than sodium alginate. Scanning electron microscope image shows that an abundant amount of pore structure was successfully developed on adsorbents, promoting bacteria adsorption. In adsorbent assisted ABE fermentation, there was 21.64 g/L butanol in extracting layer compared to negligible butanol produced with only the extractant but without the adsorbent, for the reason that adsorbent can reduce damaging exposure of C. acetobutylicum to octanol. The strategy can improve total butanol production with respect to traditional culture approach by more than 2.5 fold and save energy for subsequent butanol recovery, which effects can potentially make the biobutanol production more economically practical.
Highlights
Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation is first developed by the chemist Chaim Weizmannan to produce acetone and n-butanol
There are many previous reports demonstrated that Clostridium acetobutylicum (C. acetobutylicum) has the ability to utilize the galactose in red macroalgae substrates (Kim et al, 2013; Tang et al, 2017), making it possible to reduce substrate cost in the future for ABE fermentation
We report a technique using adsorbent to promote biobutanol production by C. acetobutylicum under extreme condition of high concentration of octanol extractant
Summary
Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation is first developed by the chemist Chaim Weizmannan to produce acetone and n-butanol. Adsorbent Assisted Extractive Fermentation distribution, lower solubility in water compared to ethanol biofuel and a high heating value with similar energy density to gasoline (Jin et al, 2011). It can be mixed with gasoline at any blend ratio and even be used in pure form as diesel fuel. There are many previous reports demonstrated that Clostridium acetobutylicum (C. acetobutylicum) has the ability to utilize the galactose in red macroalgae substrates (Kim et al, 2013; Tang et al, 2017), making it possible to reduce substrate cost in the future for ABE fermentation. Compared to solvent producing Clostridium, a natural metabolic pathway for galactose is lacked in many other bacteria
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