Abstract
Abstract In this chapter we introduce three topics with an algebraic flavour which will be useful later: algebraic numbers and integers, primitive roots, and characters. Although not closely connected it will be convenient to consider them now. Algebraic number fields will not be treated in detail: a good introduction can be found in Stewart and Tall (1979). We shall give the basic definitions and some examples of particular number fields. Algebraic number theory can be studied in two ways. First. as a subject in its own right emphasizing the algebraic aspect, but it is not our purpose to do this. Secondly, some problems relating to the rational numbers are best treated in this more general context.
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