Aldose Reductase and Protein Glycation Inhibitory Activity of Dark Chocolate-Assisted Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

Abstract

Introduction One of the most common health issues that the global population is dealing with is the associated complications of diabetes, which encompasses cataracts, peripheral neuropathy, vascular damage, impaired wound healing, retinal issues, and arterial wall stiffening. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effect of dark chocolate and its assisted zinc oxide nanoparticles against diabetes-associated complications. Materials and methods Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using commercially dark chocolate (DC-ZnO NP). The synthesized DC-ZnO NPs were evaluated against recombinant aldose reductase (AR) activity and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Aminoguanidine and gallic acid were used as reference standards for AGE assay and sorbitol accumulation inhibition, respectively. Results The results of the present study showed that green synthesized DC-ZnO NP had a significant dose-dependent inhibitory activity on both AR and AGEs. The inhibitory activity was compared to that of quercetin and aminoguanidine, respectively. Conclusion Targeting the endogenous antioxidant systems like AGEs and AR enzymes seems to provide a promising therapeutic approach, thus concluding that ZnO-NP could be a promising agent for treating diabetes-related complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy that provide grounds for further clinical investigations and trials.