ALDH1A1 Inhibits Chicken Preadipocytes' Proliferation and Differentiation via the PPARγ Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo.

Jing Zhang,Qinghua Nie,Wei Luo,Zipeng Zhang,Xiquan Zhang,Manting Ma,Bolin Cai

doi:10.3390/ijms21093150

Jing Zhang, Qinghua Nie + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093150

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Abstract

ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1) is a crucial protein in retinoids’ metabolism, and the lack of ALDH1A1 inhibits the fat deposition in mice. However, whether ALDH1A1 has a similar effect on chickens’ fat-depot is still unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of ALDH1A1 in chickens’ adipogenesis. The immortalized chicken preadipocyte 1 (ICP1) cell line and chicken primary preadipocytes isolated from abdominal fat were used to perform a series of experiments in vitro to elucidate the effects of ALDH1A1. In addition, lentivirus was used to verify the results of cell experiments in vivo. The data showed that overexpression of ALDH1A1 significantly weakened the proliferation of preadipocytes and suppressed the differentiation of preadipocytes through the PPARγ pathway, and the knockdown experiments had the opposite results. Moreover, chickens injected with overexpression lentivirus had higher abdominal fat percentage, a bigger size of lipid droplets, and higher triglyceride content in abdominal fat, and chickens injected with interfering lentivirus had the opposite situation. We proved that ALDH1A1 not only inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of chickens’ preadipocytes in vitro, but also inhibited the fat-depot of chickens in vivo, which was completely opposite the function of ALDH1A1 in mice, indicating that ALDH1A1 may have a different mechanism that is still unknown.

Highlights

Adipocyte differentiation is thought to be regulated by a series of transcription factors, including the C/EBPs protein family [1,2,3] and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPARγ) [4]
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is highly expressed in low abdominal fat chickens’ a2b.dRoemsuinlatsl fat, which indicated that ALDH1A1 might play a negative role in the fat-depot in chickens (Figure 2A)
ALDH1A1 is the crucial protease in the reaction of the conversion of retinol to retinoic acid (RA) [16], indicating that ALDH1A1 may play an important role in fat deposition

Summary

Introduction

Adipocyte differentiation is thought to be regulated by a series of transcription factors, including the C/EBPs protein family [1,2,3] and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPARγ) [4]. Retinoic acid (RA), the main product of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), inhibits adipogenesis through these transcription factors in mammals [5,6]. RA inhibits adipogenesis by binding to the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) [7,8,9]. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenases participate in the determination of cellular concentrations of free retinaldehyde by oxidizing retinaldehyde to RA [10]. Participate in the determination of cellular concentrations of free retinaldehyde by oxidizing retinaldehyde to RA [10]. SHci1. 2A0120i,s21a, 3m15e0mber of the ALDH gene family, which plays an important role in vitam oinf 1A5

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