Abstract
In this study, lignin with fine structures and facile enzymatic saccharifying residue were successively dissociated based on the lignin-first biomass deconstruction strategy. In the lignin-first process, aldehyde-protected lignin fractions were firstly isolated by acid-catalyzed dioxane extraction in the presence of formaldehyde (FA) and acetaldehyde (AA) and then analyzed by advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optimized hydrogenolysis of the extracted lignin (LFA and LAA) resulted in a high yield (42.57% and 33.00%) of lignin monomers with high product selectivity (mainly 2,6-dimethoxy-4-propylphenol) (39.93% and 46.61%). Moreover, the cellulose-rich residues were saccharified into fermentable glucose for bioethanol production. The glucose yield of the substrate (RAA) reached to 75.12%, which was significantly higher than that (15.4%) of the substrate (RFA). In short, the lignin-first biomass deconstruction by adding AA is a promising and sustainable process for producing value-added products (energy and fine chemicals) from lignocellulosic biomass.
Highlights
The value-added application of lignocellulosic biomass has become a research hotspot in response to all kinds of drivers, such as environmental friendliness [1], sustainable biofuel production [2], and bio-based chemicals [3]
Based on the above-mentioned investigations, this study mainly focuses on producing a high yield of lignin monomers and glucose, which are the basic building blocks for energy and chemicals under the current biorefinery scenario
The direct catalytic degradation of native lignin in lignocellulose resulted in a high yield of lignin monomers [20,35]
Summary
The value-added application of lignocellulosic biomass has become a research hotspot in response to all kinds of drivers, such as environmental friendliness [1], sustainable biofuel production [2], and bio-based chemicals [3]. The most abundant aromatic polymer on earth, is the main component of biomass. The complex structure of lignin is a major impediment to the valorization of lignocellulose in various processes [8]. Due to the complex structures of lignin polymers from different industrial processes, the characterization of lignin fractions is highly needed prior to developing value-added chemicals and materials [9].
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