Abstract

Sri Lanka (Ceylon) is a pear-shaped island at the southern end of the Indian subcontinent, between 5° 55′ and 9° 51′ of north latitude and 79° 41′ and 81° 53′ east longitude, separated from India by a narrow strip of shallow water — the Palk Strait, approximately 22 miles (35 km) wide. The island has an area of approximately 25 300 square miles (65 000km2). The island’s greatest length — north to south — and breadth — west to east — are 270 miles (440 km) and 140 miles (229 km) respectively. Due to its strategic position in the Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka has been subject to varied international influences throughout history.

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