Alcohol use and associated factors among physicians and nurses in northeast Brazil.

Abstract

The consequences of alcohol use are closely related to its pattern of intake. The aim of this study is to analyze the pattern of alcohol use by doctors and nurses. Associated co-factors have also been considered. We calculated a representative sample of doctors and nurses from two hospitals in Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was employed to assess patterns of alcohol consumption. A score ≥8 was defined as alcohol misuse, and an answer to question number 3>1 was indicative of heavy episodic drinking (HED). In order to identify factors associated with HED and alcohol misuse, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with SPSS v20.0. A sample of 510 professionals was examined and 25% of those were abstainers; among those who had drinks containing alcohol, 86% were classified as low-risk alcohol use, scoring lower than 8, while 10.6% of the whole sample was categorized as alcohol misusers, scoring more than 8. The habit of smoking (OR=6.02; CI: 1.71-21.16), following the Catholic religion (OR=3.55; CI: 2.47-8.58), and also gender (OR=3.09; CI: 1.68-5.71) were independently associated with alcohol misuse. HED was found in 14.3%. Younger age (OR=0.96; CI: 0.92-0.98), male gender (OR=5.13; CI: 2.55-10.30), the Catholic religion (OR=3.22; CI: 1.44-7.21), and smoking habits (OR=5.25; CI: 1.26-21.75) were associated with HED. Therefore, physicians and nurses have a lesser prevalence of abstainers, similar rates of alcohol misuse, and greater prevalence of HED when compared to the general Brazilian adult population. More studies involving these professionals need to be carried out in other Brazilian states in order to determine whether the results can be understood as widespread throughout the country.