Abstract
The effects of propanol and butanol additions in dilute hydrochloric acid leaching of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Co from sea nodules from the Indian Ocean were investigated. In the absence of any additive, dilute hydrochloric acid (2.75 M) in aqueous medium leaches only 80% copper and 60% iron. More than 90% recovery of all the metals is achieved only when highly concentrated acid (11 M) is used. It has been found that metal recoveries can be considerably improved even in 2.75 M HCl solution if an appropriate amount of propanol or butanol is incorporated. Addition of only 9 vol% propanol or 4.5 vol% butanol is sufficient for achieving about 90% recovery of each of the metals. It has been further observed that the amount of alcohol required for the satisfactory recovery of metals decreases with the use of longer chain length alcohols. The effects of other parameters, such as the period of leaching and acid concentration, on the recovery of metals was also studied.
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