ALCOHOL-INDUCED CARDIAC RHYTHM DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE: TYPES OF ARRHYTHMIAS, MECHANISMS OF ORIGIN, PARTICULARITIES OF COURSE AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC THERAPY

Abstract

Aim. To study the types of cardiac pathology, particularities of its dynamics and the most effective options of therapy in patients with alcoholic disease during 3 years after complete cessation of alcohol. Material and methods. After screening of 1740 patients with alcohol dependence stage 2-3 (F10.2 ICD-10; n=1740) 260 men aged 22 to 74 years that had completely withdrawn from alcohol consumption were included into the study. Standard clinical and laboratory examination was performed in all patients at baseline and at the visits. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=190) - patients with alcoholic disease with any cardiovascular disease; group 2 (n=70) - patients with alcoholic disease without cardiovascular diseases. Results. Patients with paroxysmal ventricular rhythm disorders often (81.3%) need in constant antiarrhythmic therapy within 36 months after the alcohol cessation, and patients with paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmias - only in 16.2% of cases. Beta-blockers, as well as combination of beta-blocker + amiodarone are the most effective antiarrhythmic drugs for the correction of paroxysmal supraventricular and ventricular rhythm disorders. The combination of beta-blocker + dihydropyridine calcium antagonists + amiodarone is the most effective to achieve simultaneous antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects. Conclusion. Patients with alcoholic disease, who had withdrawn from alcohol consumption, require the identification of cardiac pathology. The optimal period of its observation is 36 months. Patients with paroxysmal ventricular rhythm disorders have the most unfavorable prognosis. These patients require continuous antiarrhythmic therapy.