Abstract
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health burden, but there is limited understanding of the relationship of alcohol consumption with CKD.MethodsIn this cross-sectional multivariable study, all participants of a health check-up program in Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital in Taiwan from 2003 to 2009 (15 353 women and 11 900 men) were included for analysis. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was used to define CKD stage and history of alcohol consumption was obtained by self-reporting. Multivariable logistic regression analyses of gender-specific association of alcohol drinking with stage 3 CKD were conducted. A trend tests was conducted to check the dose–response relationship of alcohol consumption with renal disease. A sensitivity test was conducted to rule out the likelihood of reverse causality.ResultsThe prevalence of stage 3 CKD was lower in drinkers than non-drinkers (p < 0.001) and the percentage of drinkers with stage 3 CKD was less than that of non-drinkers. Multivariable analysis indicated that alcohol consumption was negatively associated with the presence of stage 3 CKD in men (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] for occasional drinking: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59 ~ 0.78, p < 0.001; aOR for frequent drinking: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35 ~ 0.63, p < 0.001). Advanced age, hypertension, anemia, BMI of at least 24, hyperuricemia, and proteinuria were also associated with stage 3 CKD in men. Trend tests indicated lower odds of having stage 3 CKD with increased alcohol consumption in both genders. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity tests also indicated the reverse association between alcohol consumption and stage 3 CKD in men regardless of age, diabetes status, and other risky behaviors.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption was inversely associated with stage 3 CKD in Taiwanese men. However, considering the potential of other health damage with alcohol consumption, the current results should be interpreted cautiously.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health burden, but there is limited understanding of the relationship of alcohol consumption with CKD
Univariate analysis indicated that the prevalence of CKD was significantly lower in drinkers than in non-drinkers (10.6% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001) and that this relationship held for females alone (8.7% vs. 14.7%, p < 0.001) and males alone (10.9% vs. 20.5%, p < 0.001)
The present results indicate that alcohol drinking was inversely and significantly associated with stage 3 CKD in Taiwanese men after controlling for potential confounding covariates
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health burden, but there is limited understanding of the relationship of alcohol consumption with CKD. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are among the most significant non-communicable diseases [1,2,3]. Taiwan has the highest prevalence of ESRD world-wide [4], bringing a significant disease burden in the society. Detection of factors that increase or decrease the risk of CKD may help to reduce this disease burden. Many recent studies have focused on patients with stage 3 CKD because such patients have increased risk of renal failure and cardiovascular events [5,6,7]. Modest reductions in the renal function of patients with stage 3 CKD are associated with reduced survival [9]. Among Taiwanese patients with stage 3 to 5 CKD (6.9% of the Taiwanese adult population), 6.5% of patients had stage 3 disease and 0.4% of patients had stage 4 to 5 disease, but patients with stage 3 disease had much lower awareness of their condition (8% vs. 25 ~ 71.4%) [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
