Abstract
BackgroundStudies have suggested a link between alcohol intake and adiposity. However, results from longitudinal studies have been inconsistent, and a possible interaction with genetic predisposition to adiposity measures has often not been taken into account.ObjectiveTo examine the association between alcohol intake recorded at baseline and subsequent annual changes in body weight (∆BW), waist circumference (ΔWC) and WC adjusted for BMI (ΔWCBMI), and to test for interaction with genetic predisposition scores based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various forms of adiposity.MethodThis study included a total of 7028 adult men and women from MONICA, the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (DCH), and the Inter99 studies. We combined 50 adiposity-associated SNPs into four scores indicating genetic predisposition to BMI, WC, WHRBMI and all three traits combined. Linear regression was used to examine the association of alcohol intake (drinks of 12 g (g) alcohol/day) with ΔBW, ΔWC, and ΔWCBMI, and to examine possible interactions with SNP-scores. Results from the analyses of the individual cohorts were combined in meta-analyses.ResultsEach additional drink/day was associated with a ΔBW/year of −18.0 g (95% confidence interval (CI): −33.4, −2.6, P = 0.02) and a ΔWC of −0.3 mm/year (−0.5, −0.0, P = 0.03). In analyses of women only, alcohol intake was associated with a higher ΔWCBMI of 0.5 mm/year (0.2, 0.9, P = 0.002) per drink/day. Overall, we found no statistically significant interactions between the four SNP-scores and alcohol intake in relation to changes in adiposity measures. However in analyses of women separately, we found interaction between the complete score of all 50 SNPs and alcohol intake in relation to ΔBW (P for interaction = 0.03). No significant interaction was observed among the men.ConclusionAlcohol intake was associated with a decrease in BW and WC among men and women, and an increase in WCBMI among women only. We found no strong indication that these associations depend on a genetic predisposition to adiposity.Trial registrationRegistry: ClinicalTrials.gov Trial number: CT00289237, Registered: 19 September 2005 retrospectively registered.
Highlights
Studies have suggested a link between alcohol intake and adiposity
Alcohol intake was associated with a decrease in body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) among men and women, and an increase in Waist circumference adjusted for Body Mass Index (WCBMI) among women only
We aimed to investigate the association between alcohol intake and changes in body weight (BW) (ΔBW; g/year), in WC (ΔWC; mm/year), and in WC adjusted for given body mass index (BMI) (ΔWCBMI; mm/ year), over a period of 5 years, while taking relevant confounding factors and possible interaction with gender into account
Summary
Information for this study was obtained from three different Danish cohorts of adults; The MONICA, the Inter and the Diet, Cancer and Health (DCH) studies, with no possibility of overlapping participants. The cohorts Monica The MONICA (MONItoring trends and determinants of CArdiovascular disease) study consisted of 4581 men and women born in 1922,1932,1942 and 1952 from 11 municipalities around the former Copenhagen County. 2987 men and women chose to participate in the second health examination [10]. Participants with prevalent cancer (n = 16), cardiovascular disease (n = 61) or diabetes (n = 20) at baseline were excluded from this study. Participants with incident cancer (n = 13), cardiovascular disease (n = 57) or self-reported diabetes (n = 2) during follow-up were excluded.
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