Abstract
Administration of a rational and safe drug therapy is one of the most challenging issues for healthcare professionals. The frequency of hospitalizations due to the adverse drug reactions in the years 2000 — 2015 was estimated at 6.3 (3.3—11.0 %) for developed countries and 5.5 % (1.1—16.9 %) for developing countries. It is known that alcohol intake is a risk factor for many socially significant diseases, including arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, etc., however, many doctors pay insufficient attention to the fact that many drugs, for example, beta-blockers, antidepressants, bezodisepines, calcium antagonists, can interact with alcohol when consumed simultaneously and, thus, increase the risks of adverse drug reactions. There are 2 main types of interactions between alcohol and drugs: pharmacokinetic (at the stage of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination) and pharmacodynamic (at the stage of effects and receptors). For example: the simultaneous intake of alcohol and paracetamol leads to the formation of toxic metabolites due to the induction of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes by alcohol. Another example is decrease in presystemic elimination and stimulation of the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants; an increase in the elimination of imipramine and desipramine in patients with chronic alcoholism after detoxification therapy, and so on. In this article, the authors analyzed and systematized data from open literature sources in order to inform health care professionals about the possible risks associated with the interaction of alcohol and drugs and various pharmacological groups.
Highlights
It is known that alcohol intake is a risk factor for many socially significant diseases, including arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, etc., many doctors pay insufficient attention to the fact that many drugs, for example, beta-blockers, antidepressants, bezodisepines, calcium antagonists, can interact with alcohol when consumed simultaneously and, increase the risks of adverse drug reactions
Another example is decrease in presystemic elimination and stimulation of the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants; an increase in the elimination of imipramine and desipramine in patients with chronic alcoholism after detoxification therapy, and so on
The authors analyzed and systematized data from open literature sources in order to inform health care professionals about the possible risks associated with the interaction of alcohol and drugs and various pharmacological groups
Summary
Для цитирования: Сычёв Д.А., Остроумова О.Д., Переверзев А.П., Кочетков А.И., Остроумова Т.М., Эбзеева Е.Ю., Клепикова М.В. Что более 41 % человек пожилого и старческого возраста употребляли алкоголь регулярно (как минимум один раз в неделю), при этом более 20 % из них имели повышенный риск взаимодействия ЛС и алкоголя, т. В другом кросс-секционном популяционном исследовании [29], в которое вошли данные пациентов в возрасте ≥60 лет из Ирландского многолетнего исследования старения The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) [29] (n=3815), было выявлено, что 72 % участников данного исследования принимали препараты, которые потенциально могут взаимодействовать с алкоголем (преимущественно ЛС для лечения заболеваний cердечно-сосудистой и ЦНС), при этом 60 % из них сообщили о сопутствующем употреблении алкоголя. Примеры потенциальных взаимодействий различных фармакологических групп ЛС и отдельных ЛС с алкоголем (этанолом), а также их возможные клинические проявления представлены в табл. 1. [21, 31,32,33,34]
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