Abstract
ObjectivesTo provide current estimates of alcohol and drug use among pregnant women attending antenatal care lectures in preparation for childbirth in Stockholm, Sweden. Study designA cross-sectional study. Data was collected anonymously among women attending lectures in preparation for childbirth. Main outcome measuresThe prevalence of alcohol and illicit and non-medical prescription drug use among pregnant women attending antenatal care lectures in preparation for childbirth. ResultsNine hundred and thirty-six pregnant women attending lectures in preparation for childbirth participated. Among those answering all questions about alcohol use during pregnancy, 4.2 percent reported use (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.0–5.7%) and among those answering all questions about illicit or non-medical prescription drug use during pregnancy, 0.5 percent reported such use (95% CI, 0.1–1.3%). The prevalences of binge drinking during pregnancy and alcohol and drug use before pregnancy are presented. Comparisons of anonymously and non-anonymously collected data are included. ConclusionsApproximately one in 25 women reported using alcohol and approximately one in 200 reported using illicit or non-medical prescription drugs while pregnant. Alcohol use during pregnancy may have decreased in Stockholm, Sweden.
Highlights
The use of alcohol and other substances during pregnancy is asso ciated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, eg preterm birth, small for gestational age children and low birth weight[1]
Alcohol use during pregnancy has been estimated to occur among 8.9 percent of pregnant women globally, and 25.2 percent in Europe[4], with estimates of binge drinking rates varying between 1.8 and 3.1 percent globally, and a prevalence of 2.7 percent in Europe[5]
Alcohol use during pregnancy was reported by 38 of 913 (4.2%, 95 percent (Clopper-Pearson) confidence intervals (95% CI), 3.0–5.7%) and binge drinking by 15 of 913 (1.6%, 95% CI, 0.9–2.8%) of the anonymous pregnant women
Summary
The use of alcohol and other substances during pregnancy is asso ciated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, eg preterm birth, small for gestational age children and low birth weight[1]. Alcohol use during pregnancy has been estimated to occur among 8.9 percent of pregnant women globally, and 25.2 percent in Europe[4], with estimates of binge drinking rates varying between 1.8 and 3.1 percent globally, and a prevalence of 2.7 percent in Europe[5]. Later anonymous questionnaire-based studies, published in 2008–2017, have suggested lower rates of alcohol use during pregnancy, from 5.8 to 12.3 percent[7,8,9,10,11], but slightly higher binge drinking rates, from 0.3 to 0.4 percent[7,8]. A 2012 study of medical records suggested a lower rate of alcohol use, 12 percent, but a higher binge drinking rate, 5 percent, during pregnancy[12]
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