Albumin is an Independent Predictor of up to 9-Year Mortality for Intracapsular Femoral Neck Fractures Aiding in Decision-Making for Total Hip Arthroplasty or Hemiarthroplasty

Abstract

BackgroundIntracapsular femoral neck fractures in the geriatric population are usually treated with hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty. The patients’ medium-term to long-term mortality is a consideration to help decide which procedure to perform. The aim of this study is to examine whether easily identifiable serum investigations and patient identifiable factors on admission are associated with medium-term and long-term mortality. MethodsA consecutive series of 331 patients who sustained intracapsular femoral neck fractures and were over the age of 55 years were identified and retrospectively reviewed. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, cognitive function, gender, age, mobility status, and admission serum investigations were considered. ResultsLow albumin levels, advanced age, men, and a combination of high ASA with lower mobility status were independent predictors of mean 5-year mortality. Similarly, low albumin levels and a combination of high ASA with lower mobility status were found to be independent predictors of longer term mortality (7-9 years). The optimal albumin cut-off to identify patient survival was >42 g/L with an area under the curve of 0.71. ConclusionWe suggest that serum albumin on admission can be utilized as a factor to identify patients who are likely to survive at up to 9-year mean follow-up, to guide decision for total hip arthroplasty over hemiarthroplasty.