Abstract
Changes in social and political relations of the 90’s came as a necessity for the change and reform of education in Albania. These changes primarily had to be done in the field of legislation, as well as in high school, university education and graduate education. For 50 years pre- university education in each part of the curriculum claimed only its achievements and development of socialism in the country. Difficulty was in the legal reform on which this education was based. It was very difficult to change the Albanian mentality for the schools to operate under in new laws and structure. The first change came in 1995 with the Law Nr. 7952 dated 21/06/1995 “For Pre- University Education”, which changed again in 1998 the Law Nr.8387, dated 30/07/1998. These laws adapted much better the education system with new political and social conditions which Albania was going through at the time. Achievements in Albanian education, however, are not in the same level as the other EU countries, but they are a beginning to bring change in the systems of university, undergraduate, and graduate education and also the scientific research in the level of the developed countries. The education was free before the 90’s but it was directed only by the Marxist ideas adapted to the level of the bolshevism profile, which made this education a closed and oriented type. This form of education was the first thing that needed to be changed and reformed. The right to get educated is a fundamental human right, part of the Albanian Constitution and also part of the European Human Rights Council; every person has this right regardless of gender, beliefs, economical status and religious belief. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2016.v6n2p49
Highlights
The field of education as the other areas of social and cultural aspects in Albania up to the 90’ was based on rigid laws, making the school a closed institution leaded from Marxist ideas copied from the other communism countries
3- We will suggest the way the education system should be in Albania in order to compete with the EU countries where we want to take part
As a result of the need to bring the education in its high levels again, in 1995 was approved the law number 7952 dated 21.6.1995 which later changed into the law number 8387, dated 30.7.1998
Summary
The field of education as the other areas of social and cultural aspects in Albania up to the 90’ was based on rigid laws, making the school a closed institution leaded from Marxist ideas copied from the other communism countries. It was very difficult to change an education system without firstly changing the laws where this system was based This phenomenon happened at the time, the curriculum was really hard to change and as a result the entire teaching process was hard to change too. The education system in Albania after the 90’ was constituted from: 8 years of required elementary education, high school (general and professional), university, graduate studies. The elementary and high school education up to 1994-1995 was under the old communism law, but in 1995 the Popular Assembly approved the law 7952 dated.21.06.1995 “for the pre-university education system” which changed again in 1998 and in 2007, and lately in 2012 as the law number 69. In 2007 the Assembly approved the law for “University education” based on Bologna Card, which brought the need to deeply reform the system and changing it to a 3+2 system, the best way for Albanian universities. According to the actual laws, everybody that has a university degree has the right to study but in reality this is only a privilege for a certain part of the population
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