Akdeniz bölgesi seralarında sebzelerde zarar yapan Kurşuni küf ( Botryotinia fuckeliana 'De Bary' Whetzel) hastalığına karşı biyolojik mücadele olanakları üzerinde araştırmalar.

Abstract

The studies had been carried out during 1985-1992 in Antalya Citrus Research Institute. Botryotinia fuckeliana isolates were obtained from different vegetables and they were cross inoculated to wounded sites on eggplant, pepper, tomato, bean and squash. PF.10 was determined as the most virulent isolate. Then 30 fungistatic soil samples were obtained from 109 soil samples that were collected from the vegetable growing areas of Adana, Icel and Antalya provinces. The soil samples were placed on PDA with the fungus and the fungistatic soil samples were chosen according to the inhibition zone formed on this medium. From these soil samples 48 bacteria, 13 Actinomycetes and 31 fungi were obtained which showed antagonistic effect on the pathogen. As a result of dual culture experiments done with these antagonists in vitro: the actinomycet isolate number AA. 11/98, the bacterium isolate number AB.27/59 ( Bacillus subtilis ) and the fungus isolate number AF.1 ( Trichoderma viride ) showed the highest effect against the pathogen. These antagonists didn't caused infection on the roots or aerial parts of tomato, pepper, eggplant and cucumber. In 1989 experiments were carried out on eggplants at greenhouse conditions. It was found out that AB.27 isn't effective against the disease while as AF.1 has 29% and AA.11 has 10 % preventive effect on the disease. At a second experiment carried out again on eggplant with AF.1 ( T.viride ), 28 and 24% effect were obtained. In 1992 T.viride was applied with 0.5% malt extract to faba bean in greenhouse and acclimated room. In greenhouse conditions there wasn't adequate pathogen infection but 33.3 and 20.8% effect were obtained. In climatized room, all of the control and antagonist treated plants were infected and there wasn't any difference between them. The spore suspensions of the antagonists and pathogen were used at all of the treatments. The spore concentration of the antagonist suspensions were as follows : T.viride ; 107 -108 spore/ml, B.subtilis ; 5x10-4x10 cell/ml, actinomycetes; 4x105-1.6x108 spore/ml. The spore concentration of the pathogen suspension was 3x105-1.6x107 spor/ml.