AIS-Based Multiple Vessel Collision and Grounding Risk Identification based on Adaptive Safety Domain

Erik Vanem,Øystein Engelhardtsen,Ingrid Kristine Glad,Azzeddine Bakdi

doi:10.3390/jmse8010005

Erik Vanem, Øystein Engelhardtsen + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010005

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Abstract

The continuous growth in maritime traffic and recent developments towards autonomous navigation have directed increasing attention to navigational safety in which new tools are required to identify real-time risk and complex navigation situations. These tools are of paramount importance to avoid potentially disastrous consequences of accidents and promote safe navigation at sea. In this study, an adaptive ship-safety-domain is proposed with spatial risk functions to identify both collision and grounding risk based on motion and maneuverability conditions for all vessels. The algorithm is designed and validated through extensive amounts of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data for decision support over a large area, while the integration of the algorithm with other navigational systems will increase effectiveness and ensure reliability. Since a successful evacuation of a potential vessel-to-vessel collision, or a vessel grounding situation, is highly dependent on the nearby maneuvering limitations and other possible accident situations, multi-vessel collision and grounding risk is considered in this work to identify real-time risk. The presented algorithm utilizes and exploits dynamic AIS information, vessel registry and high-resolution maps and it is robust to inaccuracies of position, course and speed over ground records. The computation-efficient algorithm allows for real-time situation risk identification at a large-scale monitored map up to country level and up to several years of operation with a very high accuracy.

Highlights

Maritime transport activities shape a new type of economic sector considered as the blue economy [1]
In this vessel 2 o n illustration example, encounters four grounding obstacles that need to be avoided G2 = G2, 1, G2,2, G2,3, G2,4 and vessel 3 is navigating under two potential collision candidates C2∩3 and C3∩2 Figure 8 reflects some types of position uncertainties which have been introduced in Section 2.3 as well as unreliable COG for moored vessels and negligible interpolation errors
The first vessel must take substantial action and must not pass in from of the crossing vessel, this may result in collision with the overtaking vessel

Summary

Introduction

Maritime transport activities shape a new type of economic sector considered as the blue economy [1]. According to the recent annual review of marine casualties and incidents in 2018 [3] by the European maritime safety agency, more than 20,000 marine casualties and incidents have been reported at the European level in 2011–2017 only. Together, these accidents caused more than 680 fatalities and over 6800 injuries. The rates of maritime navigation accidents are still tragically high according to marine casualty and pollution database collected by United States Coast Guard (USCG) and provided in July 2015 (not all 2014–2015 accidents reported) by marine information and safety and law reinforcement [4]. In a total of 34,540 reported and fully investigated navigation accidents between 2000 and mid 2015, around 43.5% of the accidents were groundings, 39.6% were allisions with a static object and 16.9% were collisions

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