Abstract
with the clinical severity required oxygen for 7 days, intravenous amphotericin B for 21 days and oral itraconazole. Her brother received outpatient treatment with Itraconazole. Both had a good outcome. Discussion: These cases illustrate classical forms of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, but a serious, which is not common. Epidemiological studies of the region and helped the suspected diagnosis. The differential diagnosis with pulmonary tuberculosis is important, particularly in Brazil, where high prevalence. The absence of immunodeficiency suggests massive exposure to the fungus as the cause of gravity. Conclusion: Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis is a rare condition in childhood. In most cases the initial diagnosis is tuberculosis. Epidemiology is fundamental to the suspicion and treatment with drugs only recommended in severe cases.
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