Abstract
Worldwide air pollution is responsible for large numbers of deaths and cases of respiratory disease. There are many substances in the air which may impair the health of plants and animals. Air pollutants arise from both man-made and natural processes. Point sources include major industrial facilities like chemical plants, steel mills, oil refineries, and power plants, and non-industrial stationary equipment like hazardous waste incinerators. A detailed study was conducted in the surroundings of the Chavara industrial area in Kollam district, South India, during the summer and winter seasons of the year 2011, to assess the status of air pollutants (TSPM, RPM, SO_2, NO_2 and Free Cl_2) and the air quality of the industrial zone and its surroundings, which are also residential areas. The results of the study show that the concentrations of gaseous pollutants, SO_2 and NO_x were within the national ambient air quality standard limits of Central Pollution Control Board and Ministry of Environment & Forests, India. The study stations in the northern, eastern and southern directions of the industrial area recorded chlorine contamination. The presence of PM_(10) and chlorine in the residential area in the vicinity of KMML industrial zone may cause different health problems in the residents, especially in children and aged people. The air quality index in the study stations was assessed, and the results showed that the residential areas surrounding the KMML industrial area have moderate air quality. Some measures are also suggested to improve the air quality in the surroundings of the KMML industrial area.
Highlights
Air pollution seriously damages material sources such as building, various sculptures, and vegetation
The air quality index in the study stations was assessed, and the results showed that the residential areas surrounding the Kerala Minerals and Metals Ltd. (KMML) industrial area have moderate air quality
The evaluation of particulate matter concentration in different sampling stations in the surroundings of KMML industry situated in Kollam district, South India show that the area was badly polluted with PM10 i.e., the respirable particulate matter
Summary
Air pollution seriously damages material sources such as building, various sculptures, and vegetation. It may be due to particulate matter dispersed in it or gaseous pollutants completely miscible with it in all proportions Gaseous pollutants such as SO2, NOx, CO2 etc., dispersed in air are the major sources of air pollution. The air pollution causes health problems in the workers and residents in places near the industrial area, it is essential to study the air quality in the surroundings of the industries. Vehicles, such as scooters, cars, buses and trucks produce smoke by burning petrol or diesel, and such auto exhaust is a major cause of air pollution.
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