Abstract
Based on the analysis of experimental data, it was found that the main source of lithium compounds dust into the environment is the vacuum-drying cabinets and presses used in the technological process at the stage of manufacturing chemosorbents over which forced exhaust ventilation is installed, effectively removing the dust of lithium com-pounds from the air of the working area (up to a value of 0.014 mg/m3 which is 30% less than MPC). We have used the chemical and qualitative X-ray phase analysis methods to determine the chemical composition of dust. It follows from the results obtained that the main components in the dust composition are lithium hydroxide monohydrate and lithium hydroxide – the substances used in technological processes as the main raw material and have a sufficiently high cost. The article analyzes the dispersed composition of dust and its concentration in the air of the working area. It was found that the bulk of the dust particles are much larger than 10 microns, and the dust concentration of lithium compounds is not more than 4.6–6.0 mg/m3 throughout the process. Several systems of air purification from lithium compounds dust are considered. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, the purification system consisting of a battery cyclone and subsequent air flow bubbling through the water layer is proposed. The system allows us to reduce the dust concentration to a value of 0.017 mg/m3 which is 15% less than the MPC for hydroxide and lithium peroxide. It is shown experimentally that the dust of lithium compounds obtained as a result of removal from the air of the working zone can be used in the technological cycle of synthesis of lithium peroxide providing the possibility of obtaining a final product with a content of the base material up to 93.3% by weight. This scheme of removal of lithium compounds dust and its subsequent return to the production cycle can be used in the development of initial data for the design of environmentally friendly lithium peroxide production technology.
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