Air Pollution Control Methods

Know where you stand.The odds are African Americans are twice as likely to suffer a stroke as white Americans.Beating the odds isn't about winning, it's about living.You have the power to end stroke.1-888-4-STROKE / StrokeAssociation.org

Updates on choices of appropriate technology for control of voc emissions

Updates on choices of appropriate technology for control of VOC emissions

Brain Fog: Does Air Pollution Make Us Less Productive?

Editorial: advanced catalytic materials for environmental application

Asia's air: population health after rapid industrialisation

The U.S. wood products industry is a leader in the production of innovative wood materials. New products are taking shape within a growth industry for fiberboard, plywood, particle board, and other natural material-based energy efficient building materials. However, at the same time, standards for clean air are becoming ever stricter. Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) during production of wood products (including methanol, formaldehyde, acetylaldehyde, and mercaptans) must be tightly controlled. Conventional VOC and HAP emission control techniques such as regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) and regenerative catalytic oxidation (RCO) require significant amounts of energy and generate secondary pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and spent carbon. Biological treatment of air emissions offers a cost-effective and sustainable control technology for industrial facilities facing increasingly stringent air emission standards. A novel biological treatment system that integrates two types of biofilter systems, promises significant energy and cost savings. This novel system uses microorganisms to degrade air toxins without the use of natural gas as fuel or the creation of secondary pollutants. The replacement of conventional thermal oxidizers with biofilters will yield natural gas savings alone in the range of $82,500 to $231,000 per year per unit. Widespread use of biofilters across the entire forest products industry could yield fuel savings up to 5.6 trillion Btu (British thermal units) per year and electricity savings of 2.1 trillion Btu per year. Biological treatment systems can also eliminate the production of NOx, SO2, and CO, and greatly reduce CO2 emissions, when compared to conventional thermal oxidizers. Use of biofilters for VOC and HAP emission control will provide not only the wood products industry but also the pulp and paper industry with a means to cost-effectively control air emissions. The goal of this project was to demonstrate a novel sequential treatment technology that integrates two types of biofilter systems – biotrickling filtration and biofiltration – for controlling forest product facility air emissions with a water-recycling feature for water conservation. This coupling design maximizes the conditions for microbial degradation of odor causing compounds at specific locations. Water entering the biotrickling filter is collected in a sump, treated, and recycled back to the biotrickling filter. The biofilter serves as a polishing step to remove more complex organic compounds (i.e., terpenes). The gaseous emissions from the hardboard mill presses at lumber plants such as that of the Stimson Lumber Company contain both volatile and condensable organic compounds (VOC and COC, respectively), as well as fine wood and other very small particulate material. In applying bio-oxidation technology to these emissions Texas A&M University-Kingsville (TAMUK) and Bio•Reaction (BRI) evaluated the potential of this equipment to resolve two (2) control issues which are critical to the industry: • First, the hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions (primarily methanol and formaldehyde) and • Second, the fine particulate and COC from the press exhaust which contribute to visual emissions (opacity) from the stack. In a field test in 2006, the biological treatment technology met the HAP and COC control project objectives and demonstrated significantly lower energy use (than regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTOs) or regenerative catalytic oxidizers (RCOs), lower water use (than conventional scrubbers) all the while being less costly than either for maintenance. The project was successfully continued into 2007-2008 to assist the commercial partner in reducing unit size and footprint and cost, through added optimization of water recycle and improved biofilm activity, and demonstration of opacity removal capabilities.

Higher prevalence of breathlessness in elderly exposed to indoor aldehydes and VOCs in a representative sample of French dwellings

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 大气污染规制对城市空气污染的防治成效——基于准实验分析 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202107262020 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（72033005）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2021M701507）；教育部人文社会科学研究项目（20YJC790014）；江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ200534） The Effect of air pollution regulation on urban air pollution prevention and control: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以2003年实施的大气污染防治重点城市政策为准自然实验，运用双重差分模型从区域层面分析了大气污染规制对城市空气污染治理的影响，研究发现：（1）大气污染规制在1%的显著性水平下降低了重点城市的工业二氧化硫排放强度，工业二氧化硫排放量以及城市PM2.5年均浓度值。（2）大气污染防治重点城市政策实施后的9年时间内有效减少了12215.8万t城市工业二氧化硫排放量，并且使得城市PM2.5年均浓度改善2.97μg/m3，下降比分别达到了36.2%和8.5%，平均每年减少了3.7%的城市工业二氧化硫排放量并降低0.944%的城市PM2.5浓度值。（3）大气污染防治重点城市政策对于城市空气污染治理主要是通过减少能源消耗量、增加城市污染治理力度、促进规制地区产业结构转型升级和提升生产技术水平等渠道予以实现。 Abstract:Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the key city policy of air pollution control implemented in 2003, this paper analyzes the impact of air pollution regulation on urban air pollution control from the regional level by using Differences-in-Difference model. The results show that:(1) air pollution regulation significantly reduce the intensity of industrial sulfur dioxide emission, industrial sulfur dioxide emission and PM2.5 annual concentration in key cities. (2) In the nine years after the implementation of the policy, 122.158 million tons of urban industrial sulfur dioxide emissions have been effectively reduced, and the average annual concentration of PM2.5 has been improved by 2.97 μg/m3, with the reduction ratio of 36.2% and 8.5% respectively. The average annual sulfur dioxide emission of urban industry has been reduced by 3.7% and the urban PM2.5 concentration has been reduced by 0.944%. (3) The key city policy of air pollution prevention and control for urban air pollution control is mainly realized by reducing energy consumption, increasing the intensity of urban pollution control, promoting the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial structure and improving the level of production technology. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

With the revision of the Air Pollution Control Act in Taiwan announced on 1 August 2018, several provisions or regulations have been added to strengthen the control of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from stationary sources. Therefore, this paper conducted a survey of sixty toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) designated as HAPs in Taiwan and also performed a comparison between some developed countries (i.e., the USA, Japan, and Korea) using the latest databases issued by the relevant agencies/organizations. Furthermore, these designated HAPs were reviewed by their carcinogenic classifications and occupational exposure limits. Finally, the regulatory measures for controlling the emissions of toxic VOCs from stationary sources in Taiwan were addressed to echo the public concerns about their human health risk. Except for trichloroacetic acid, the designated toxic VOCs in Taiwan are included in the list of HAPs in the USA. By comparison, the number of designated HAPs is obviously higher than those in Japan and Korea. Based on the carcinogen classification by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the toxic VOCs as confirmed human carcinogens (Group 1) include benzene, benzidine, 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-dichloroproane, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, 4,4-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline), trichloroethylene, and vinyl chloride. To achieve the purpose of protecting public health, the follow-up control actions of HAPs from stationary sources in Taiwan involved regulatory countermeasures, including the establishment of emission limits, reporting systems, reduction plans for potential high-risk areas or plants, the incentive of an air pollution fee levy, as well as an ambient air concentration monitoring network.

Effects of China’s current Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on air pollution patterns, health risks and mortalities in Beijing 2014–2018

Urban agglomerations are places of increased emissions of anthropogenic pollutants into the atmosphere. Since most of these pollutants are harmful to humans, reduction of their ambient concentrations is a major issue of environmental policy on international, national, and local levels. According to Wiederkehr and Yoon (1998), air pollutants can be grouped into major and trace or hazardous air pollutants. Major air pollutants comprise six classical pollutants: sulphur dioxide (SO2), airborne particles, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb), and ozone (O3). Hazardous air pollutants can be found in much smaller concentrations than major air pollutants and include different chemical, physical, and biological agents, like volatile organic compounds (VOCs), radio-nuclides, and micro-organisms.

Air Quality in a Changing Climate

Tehran, a city with 8.5 million inhabitants, has suffered from rapid and unplanned urbanization in recent years resulting in substantial environmental impacts perhaps fore-most of which is poor air quality. A major source of air pol-lution is emissions from mobile vehicles; therefore, having an accurate and comprehensive mobile source emission invento-ry is essential for decision-makers to develop mitigating strategies. The aim of this study is to determine the relative con-tributions of specific mobile sources to key air pollutants through the development of an emissions inventory for mobile sources in the city of Tehran using the International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) model. Tehran traffic data were acquired to obtain link level emission rates, using IVE emission rates. The developed emission inventory was evaluated using Tehran gasoline sales data. The results indicate that the sources of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compound (VOC), nitrogen oxide (NO x ), and sulfur oxide (SO x ) emissions are mainly passenger cars. The contribution of emissions of CO, VOCs, and particulate matter (PM) from motorcycles to the total traffic emissions is more than 15, 31, and 12 %, respectively. Despite the fact that medium and heavy-duty vehicles (minibuses, buses, and trucks) only comprise 2.4 % of the Tehran fleet, they contribute more than 41, 64, and 85 % of the NO x , SO x , and PM emissions, respectively. Analyzing the distribution of the aggregated emission of pollutants shows that emissions are mostly higher in central zones due to the high traffic rate of passenger cars, taxis, motorcycles, and buses.

Emission reduction programmes for VOC in some OECD countries