Abstract
Local air pollutants (LAPs), such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, ozone, and particulate matter, as well as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector are rapidly increasing in the People’s Republic of China. Various measures to control LAPs have been implemented in the country, along with the adoption of strategies to mitigate GHG emissions. The connection between LAP and GHG emission control and reduction offers an opportunity to address both problems simultaneously. This paper presents a methodology that measures the benefits of co-control evaluation on mitigating LAP and GHG emissions. It highlights the methodology’s potential to help maximize measures and strategies that have significant co-control effects.
Highlights
In the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the transport sector is a rapidly growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and of local air pollutants (LAPs), including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx), ozone, and particulate matter (PM).1 The PRC’s national vehicle fleet reached 327 million cars and trucks in 2018 (Ministry of Ecology and Environment [MEE] 2019)
In 2016, the State Council issued the 13th Five-Year Plan for Ecological and Environmental Protection, which had the following air-quality targets: compared with 2015 levels, by 2020 (i) “good air quality days” must reach at least 80% of each calendar year, totaling 292 days, (ii) PM2.5 emissions must drop by 18% in cities, and (iii) sulfur dioxide (SO2) and NOx emissions must drop by 15%
“co-control” has been mentioned in the newly revised Air Pollution Prevention Law and in other government official documents, there is a lack of knowledge on how to evaluate the co-control performance of various technologies and policies in the transport sector
Summary
In the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the transport sector is a rapidly growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and of local air pollutants (LAPs), including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx), ozone, and particulate matter (PM). The PRC’s national vehicle fleet reached 327 million cars and trucks in 2018 (Ministry of Ecology and Environment [MEE] 2019). In the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the transport sector is a rapidly growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and of local air pollutants (LAPs), including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx), ozone, and particulate matter (PM).. Emissions of NOx from the transport sector (vehicles, ships, diesel locomotives, and civil aviation aircrafts) reached 7.18 million tons in 2017, accounting for about 40% of national NOx emissions (MEE et al 2020). Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions from the transport sector were high: 827.9 million tons in 2014, accounting for about 7.4% of national CO2-eq emissions (MEE 2018). The Government of the People’s Republic of China has set national targets to reduce the country’s air pollution and GHG emissions. In 2016, the State Council issued the 13th Five-Year Plan for Ecological and Environmental Protection, which had the following air-quality targets: compared with 2015 levels, by 2020 (i) “good air quality days” must reach at least 80% of each calendar year, totaling 292 days, (ii) PM2.5 emissions must drop by 18% in cities, and (iii) sulfur dioxide (SO2) and NOx emissions must drop by 15%.2 The government’s GHG-mitigation targets were to reduce CO2 emissions by 40%–45% by 2020, compared with the 2005 level, and to reach a CO2 emissions peak by around 2030, with a best effort to reach the peak as early as possible, per the government’s commitment under the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
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