Abstract
Arnold Schoenberg started work on the First Chamber Symphony, Op. 9, at the end of 1905 and completed the autograph score the following year. The First Chamber Symphony was premiered in Vienna on February 8, 1907. This chapter begins with Schoenberg's composition of the First Chamber Symphony before turning to his subsequent breakthrough to atonality and concluding with his second move to Berlin in 1911. The rest of the chapter looks at some of Schoenberg's views on idea and realization, as well as internal and external realities, and his first wife Mathilde's affair with the painter Richard Gerstl. It also examines his Second String Quartet in F-sharp Minor, Op. 10 (1908); his thoughts on modern music, audiences, musical critics, precision and brevity in art, variegation, expression, and illogicality; and order and aesthetic laws. Finally, the chapter considers Schoenberg's response to Gustav Mahler's final illness and his essay on Mahler.
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