Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) associated with AIDS (AIDS-KS) is the most prevalent neoplasia among patients with AIDS. Its incidence has decreased dramatically in recent years due to the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Paradoxically, in relation to the introduction of HAART it may occur a worsening or development of AIDS-KS despite the improvement of the immune function. This unusual process is called immune reconstitution syndrome in Kaposi's sarcoma (IRIS-KS) and should not be confused with a failure of HAART. Early identification of AIDS-KS and previous or combined use of chemotherapy with HAART appears to be the most effective treatment to prevent the consequences of IRIS-SK.
Highlights
Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal systemic tumor with origin in the endothelial cells which was first described by Moriz Kaposi in 1987
Chang et al identified in 1994 the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) as the causative agent of KS [2] but it seems insufficient to cause its development
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection itself is thought to play a role in the growth of KS through the action of the transactivator of transcription (TAT) protein [3]
Summary
AIDS-Related Kaposi’s sarcoma and Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.
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