Abstract
Fungal infections account for significant morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children particularly in developing countries where there is lack of skilled personnel and infrastructure to make the appropriate diagnosis. This is further compounded by poor availability and accessibility of the antifungals needed to treat these infections. The purpose of this review is to highlight the paucity of data on AIDS-related mycoses in the paediatric age group and make appropriate recommendations to address challenges associated with mycoses in this population. These infections are categorised in two broad groups in this population: mucocutaneous, which commonly affects nutrition and adherence to therapy and invasive fungal infections which are life-threatening. A literature search revealed a total of 29 published literatures across all AIDS-related mycoses in the paediatric population. Research to determine the true burden of the problem and greater funding with implementation of a package of care that will result in substantial reductions in morbidity and mortality in relation to AIDS-related mycoses in children are needed. It is imperative that the programmatic optimal package of care for children with advanced HIV disease is designed and implemented.
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