Abstract
Background: AIDS can cause epilepsy through different mechanism: (1) HIV doesn’t directly infect nerve cells. HIV may either infect or disturb cells (macrophages and microglia) that nurture and maintain the brain. The infected macrophages and microglia then produce toxins that set off a chain reaction that kill neurons. (2) AIDS-related cancers, such as CNS lymphoma. (3) Opportunistic infections may also affect the nervous system causing epilepsy eg cerebral toxoplasmosis, a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. (4) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a disorder that can also occur in patients with AIDS. (5) Brain Abscess (what ever the underlying cause). (6) Meningitis especially Cryptococcus meningitis.
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