AI Ethics: Algorithmic Determinism or Self-Determination? The GPDR Approach

Maria Milossi,Konstantinos E Psannis,Eugenia Alexandropoulou-Egyptiadou

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072782

Maria Milossi, Konstantinos E Psannis + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072782

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Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to systems designed by humans, interpreting the already collected data and deciding the best action to take, according to the pre-defined parameters, in order to achieve the given goal. Designing, trial and error while using AI, brought ethics to the center of the dialogue between tech giants, enterprises, academic institutions as well as policymakers. Ethical challenges in AI brought ethical AI framework in place in an attempt to regulate people’s lives and interactions, used for the benefit of society, for the human rights’ protection as well as for the respect of individual’s privacy and autonomy. The paper aims to summarize and critically evaluate the basic principles for the use of AI, with emphasis to the General Data Protection Regulation’s (GDPR) approach, concerning data subject’s consent, data protection principles and data subject’s rights in a context of ‘privacy by design’ architecture.

Highlights

Artificial Intelligence is said to be a new form of “smart agency”, which is already reshaping our lives, our interactions and our environments [1].The term AI contains an explicit reference to the notion of intelligence1, since intelligence is a vague concept, AI researchers use mostly the notion of rationality, in order to explain the ability to choose the best action to take in order to achieve a certain goal, given certain criteria to be optimized and the available resources [2]
The quantity of data available is a detrimental factor to the quality of the results provided by algorithmic systems and artificial intelligence
AI ethics raise the problematic of broad surveillance, manipulation, lack of autonomy and lack of democracy

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Artificial Intelligence is said to be a new form of “smart agency”, which is already reshaping our lives, our interactions and our environments [1].The term AI contains an explicit reference to the notion of intelligence, since intelligence is a vague concept, AI researchers use mostly the notion of rationality, in order to explain the ability to choose the best action to take in order to achieve a certain goal, given certain criteria to be optimized and the available resources [2]. While the value of human being is non-negotiable, we talk about the principle of autonomy (either on individuals’ everyday life or especially concerning the use of technology in their lives), which means that individuals are free to make their own choices for their own lives. That is because, they have firstly been informed and they have given their free consent2 [14] from which they can withdraw or not. That means that data are being processed lawfully, fairly and in a transparent way in relation to the data subject, promoting his/her self-actualization

THE BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR THE USE OF AI

Figure 6

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS

CONCLUSION