Abstract
Lampung Province is the center of Robusta coffee production with an area of 2018 reaching 157.6 thousand hectares while Arabica coffee which has been programmed in 1998 by planting area reached 1.9 thousand hectares did not develop successfully even disappearing. Liberica coffee is commonly grown as a rootstock. This research aims to study the ethno-agronomy of various grafting coffees in Lampung, both Robusta- Liberica and Arabica-Robusta. This research was carried out using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method with the farmer groups and the observation of coffee plantations in the field belonging to group members in each farmer group selected purposively in each district namely Sekincau Sub-district of West Lampung, Sumberejo Sub-district of Tanggamus, and Way Ratai Sub-district of Pesawaran, in May-October 2019. The results showed that farmers developed a various of intraspecific coffee grafting (Robusta/Robusta) using a variety of superior local clones and interspecific grafting (Robusta/Liberica and Arabica/Robusta) with specific agronomy practices such as cloning, planting, pruning, fertilizing, applying pesticide, soil conserving, and being non-resident farmers as creations, local wisdom and adaptation of farmers to site-specific conditions. Keywords : Clone, ethno-agronomy, fertilizing, interspesific grafting, local wisdom, rainfall
Highlights
Propinsi Lampung merupakan sentra produksi kopi Robusta dengan areal pada tahun 2018 mencapai luas 157,6 ribu hektar sedangkan kopi Arabika yang telah diprogramkan penanaman sehingga pada tahun 1998 mencapai luas areal 1,9 ribu hektar tidak berhasil berkembang bahkan semakin menghilang
The results showed that farmers developed a various of intraspecific coffee grafting (Robusta/Robusta) using a variety of superior local clones and interspecific grafting (Robusta/Liberica and Arabica/Robusta) with specific agronomy practices such as cloning, planting, pruning, fertilizing, applying pesticide, soil conserving, and being non-resident farmers as creations, local wisdom and adaptation of farmers to site-specific conditions
Morphological variation among fifteen superior robusta coffee clones in Lampung Province, Indonesia
Summary
Pembibitan dilakukan di pekarangan rumah atau di kebun yang akan ditanami kopi, dimulai dengan mencari sumber benih dari pohon induk unggul, umur tua, berbuah lebat, dari kopi kultivar Bakir, kedondong dan Garudak (Robusta), atau Robinson (Liberika). Penanaman dilakukan berupa tanam ulang (replanting) pada lahan semak-belukar bekas kebun kopi tua atau bongkaran kopi tua yang sudah dilakukan beberapa kali penanaman sayur sebagaimana telah dilaporkan Evizal (2013). Kebun kopi yang tidak terawat, pohon tinggi, kurang produktif dapat dilakukan rehabilitasi dengan pemangkasan rejuvenasi total dengan memotong pada ketinggian 1 m untuk dipelihara 2-3 tunas air. Pada kebun muda atau dewasa yang berasal dari bibit biji, dilakukan pemangkasan dan penyambungan secara bertahap baik secara diupahkan atau dikerjakan sendiri. Sambung ortotrop membentuk pohon yang meninggi, cocok untuk kebun muda yang masih rapat, pada lahan yang kurang subur, atau pemeliharaan ekstensif. Sambung plagiotrop menghasilkan percabangan kipas, yang lebar, jarak perlu agak jauh, sehingga cocok untuk pohon dewasatua dengan lahan yang subur dan pemeliharaan intensif. Sistem pangkas kapak kulai yaitu untuk rejuvenasi pohon dipotong separuh dan dimiringkan ke
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