Abstract
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the banana cultivars for their agronomic yield and starch characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with a factorial arrangement of two cultivars ('BRS Conquista' and 'BRS Platina') and two crop cycles, with three plants per treatment, and five replicates. Fruit yield and starch quality were evaluated. 'BRS Conquista' showed smaller fruit; however, it had a greater marketable bunch weight and yield than 'BRS Platina'. Starches differed for the main physicochemical characteristics, except for X-ray diffraction pattern (B type) and phosphorus content (0.0058–0.0060%). 'BRS Platina' stood out for its higher content of resistant starch (74.55%) that differed from the starch isolated from 'BRS Conquista'. However, the starch of 'BRS Conquista' showed the following characteristics: larger granules (34.74 µm), with greater crystallinity (33.64%); less swelling power and solubility (26.77 g g-1 and 19.21%, respectively); and greater breakdown, setback and final viscosity (67.06, 182.42, and 341.39 RVU, respectively). 'BRS Conquista' shows favorable production characteristics for processing to obtain starch. The higher resistant starch content of 'BRS Platina' may commercially justify its lower agronomic yield. Starches of the two cultivars show desirable characteristics for different industrial applications.
Highlights
Starch is an important ingredient in many food products
'BRS Platina' stood out for its higher content of resistant starch (74.55%) that differed from the starch isolated from 'BRS Conquista'
There was a significant interaction between cultivars and crop cycles for weight of marketable bunch and yield (Table 1)
Summary
Starch is an important ingredient in many food products. Its main commercial sources are corn, potatoes, rice, cassava, and wheat. There is currently a growing interest in the characterization of starches from unconventional sources, to meet functionality demands without the need for modification. There is interest in starchy foods with a low glycemic index, which increases the market potential for banana starch (Zhu, 2020; Tagliapietra et al, 2021). The commercially exploited banana cultivars in Brazil are Prata, Grand Naine, Williams, and Nanicão. All of them have at least one undesirable characteristic at harvest, such as plant height, yield, and harvest time, intolerance to pests and diseases, and low resistance to drought or cold (Nomura et al, 2013)
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