Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the agronomic performance, variance components, and clustering analysis of 80 accessions of Vernonia galamensis, in alpha-lattice design with two replications at Melka Werer and Wondo Genet agricultural research centers in 2018/19. The one-way ANOVA showed that the high significant variation ( p < 0.05 ) for most of the quantitative traits among accessions except for days to emergence, and the mean performance of seed yield per hectare ranged from 348.9 to 624.3 kg ha−1, with an average of 474.4 kg ha−1. The result of principal component analysis indicated that those exhibited more than one eigenvalue were about 71.0% of variability. While the cluster analysis based on 80% of similarity into eight clusters from the eighty accessions, the first cluster had the largest number of accessions. Overall, the study confirmed that the agromorphological characters such as the number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, seed yield per plant, and seed weight per plot were the main contributors for seed yield per hectare in V. galamensis.
Highlights
Vernonia plant (Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.; 2n 18), Asteraceae family [1,2,3], contains more than 500 species
Eighty accessions of V. galamensis, which were collected from different regions in Ethiopia, were used as material in this study for agromorphological characterization. e field experiments were conducted at Melka Werer and Wondo Genet agricultural research centers from June to December, 2018
Whereas the earliest 50% heading was at 81.5 days, and the latest 50% heading was at 91.0 days at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center (WGARC) (Table 2)
Summary
Vernonia plant (Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.; 2n 18), Asteraceae family [1,2,3], contains more than 500 species It has two major centers of origin, South America and tropical Africa [4]. E greatest diversity of V. galamensis is found in East Africa, mainly in Ethiopia and Kenya [5] It is used as a potential industrial crop due to a high sources of natural epoxidized oil (vernolic acid) [6] and other essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and a trace amount of arachidic acid [7] rich in epoxidized fatty acid. International Journal of Agronomy species is under threat of continued genetic erosion. erefore, this study is so important including more accessions and testing at multiple locations to clearly understand the extents of the existing genetic variability for cultivation, proper conservation, and breeding programmes by using agronomic performance, variance components, and clustering analysis in V. galamensis
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