Abstract
Peach trees are temperate climate fruit trees most planted in subtropical and tropical regions. This advance of the peach crop is mainly due to the introduction of less cold-demanding new cultivar varieties and which require using less specific techniques, such as plant growth regulators and pruning. Within this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate phenological aspects and the yield potential of the cultivars Granada, Aurora-1, Dourado-2, Douradao, Big-Aurora, Marli and Chiripa, grafted onto the “Okinawa” rootstock, planted in the region of Sao Manuel-SP, during two cultivation cycles. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 5 replicates, with the experimental unit represented by two plants.”Granada” had early harvest in mid-September, and “Chiripa” in late November and early December, in which the former was the early-ripening cultivar and the latter was the late-ripening one. “Aurora-1” and “Dourado-2”, had the highest yield values, 18.95 and 16.57 t·ha-1 respectively, followed by “Big-Aurora” with yield values of 12.13 t·ha-1. For subtropical regions, such as São Manuel-SP, less cold-demanding cultivars are recommended, such as Aurora-1, Dourado-2 and Big-Aurora. The planting of early- and late-ripening varieties, such as Granada and Chiripa, respectively, is an interesting alternative for producers wanting to scale their production.
Highlights
Brazil is the thirteenth largest peach producer yielding 220.739 tons in an area of 20.194 ha
Studies of cultivar adaptation are vital for consolidating the crop
When peach trees are grown in regions with insufficient cold winters, they may experience symptoms such as delayed and longer flowering times, lower flowering and budding percentage, and reduced yields, exhibiting non-uniform and low quality fruits, are characteristics of poorly adapted plants [3]
Summary
Brazil is the thirteenth largest peach producer yielding 220.739 tons in an area of 20.194 ha. The main producing states are Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo and Santa Catarina, accounting for 60%, 17% and 6% of the national production, respectively, [1]. According to IEA [2], in the 2009 crop the peach production for domestic consumption and for the industry was of approximately 20, 500 tons in Sao Paulo, with an average yield of 43 kg plant−1. The cultivation of peaches in the state of Sao Paulo increased greatly in recent decades, mainly because of new technologies and the introduction of cultivar varieties better adapted to subtropical and tropical regions. In these regions, studies of cultivar adaptation are vital for consolidating the crop. When peach trees are grown in regions with insufficient cold winters, they may experience symptoms such as delayed and longer flowering times, lower flowering and budding percentage, and reduced yields, exhibiting non-uniform and low quality fruits, are characteristics of poorly adapted plants [3]
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